How the 4.0 scale maps grades
Standard conversion runs A=4.0, A−=3.7, B+=3.3, B=3.0, down through F=0. Weighted high-school scales award 5.0 for AP/IB courses to reward rigor.
Cumulative vs semester GPA
To fold a new semester into your cumulative GPA, combine total quality points and total credits across all terms — averaging the GPAs themselves gives wrong answers when credits differ.